Essay on The Crisis of Liberal Democracy in the 21st Century

The Erosion of the End of History

At the dawn of the 1990s, the triumph of the Western model seemed absolute. Francis Fukuyama famously posited the "end of history," suggesting that the synthesis of free markets and representative governance represented the final form of human politics and government. However, the crisis of liberal democracy in the 21st century has shattered this teleological optimism. Instead of a linear progression toward liberty, the global community is witnessing a profound democratic backsliding. This phenomenon is characterized by the decoupling of liberalism from democracy, where the procedural mechanisms of voting are increasingly used to dismantle the constitutional protections and institutional checks that define a free society.

The Rise of Illiberal Majoritarianism

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