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Biological Catalysts and the Energy Barrier

Every second, millions of chemical processes occur within the human body to sustain life. These are known as biological reactions, but many would happen too slowly to support us without help. This is where enzymes play a critical role. Enzymes are specialized proteins that act as biological catalysts, meaning they speed up chemical processes without being consumed. They achieve this by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction to begin, allowing vital functions like digestion to occur rapidly at normal body temperature.

The Lock and Key Mechanism